Epididymitis and Torsion
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þ Variation of pathogens with age
 - In the prepubertal age group and those above 40 years of age,
   coliform bacteria are the most commonly found pathogens.
 - Between these age groups, sexually transmitted diseases are the more
   common pathogens.  Of these, chlamydia trachomatis is most common,
   followed by neisseria gonorrhoeae.
   http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic166.htm

þ Prehn's sign
 - Relief of pain with scrotal elevation and support is known as Prehn's sign.
   However, it is not useful for distinguishing these two disease processes.
   http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic166.htm

þ Pediatric epididymitis
 - In the pediatric age group, a significant number of those with epididymitis
   will have a urologic abnormality, and this condition warrants further
   workup.
   http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic166.htm

þ Studies for possible torsion
 - Radionuclide scan is the most accurate for this diagnosis. Ultrasound is
   institution and operator dependent, and less accurate.  Color doppler
   ultrasonography is more accurate than plain doppler ultrasound for this
   condition.
   Zwanger, Rupp: "Testicular Torsion" in Adler, Plantz: EMedicine
   http://www.emedicine.com/emerg/topic573.htm